Tuesday, September 17, 2019
How is the theme of loneliness explored in Of Mice and Men? Essay
The theme of loneliness is one of the key themes throughout the book. The book starts off with a very natural feel, ââ¬Å"On one side of the river the golden foothill slopes curve up to the strong and rocky Gabilan mountains.â⬠This theme soon changes into the theme of companionship as we begin to know George and Lennie we can see they are good friends ââ¬Å"because I got you to look after me, and you got me to look after youâ⬠. However Steinbeck gradually changes the theme of companionship to the opposite theme of loneliness ââ¬Å"Guys like us, that work on ranches, are the loneliest guys in the world. They got no family. They donââ¬â¢t belong to no place.â⬠As we meet more and more of the main characters we begin to see just how lonely they are; We later meet Curley and his wife. Curley is the only person on the ranch to have a partner, and even then itââ¬â¢s not a trusting, full relationship ââ¬Å"If you canââ¬â¢t look after you own God damn wife, what do you expect me to do about itâ⬠Slim tells Curley. Curleyââ¬â¢s wife says to Lennie: ââ¬Å"I donââ¬â¢t like Curley. He ainââ¬â¢t a nice fella.â⬠. This is Steinbeck underlining how even the characters who are married are lonely and regretful. If this is the case then what about the rest of the workers who have no wife at all? George mentions his desire for a partner in the first chapter: ââ¬Å"I could live easy and maybe get a girlâ⬠. Most of the ranch workers go to a Cat house when they get their stake, and blow it all there, showing just how much they want to be around women; they receive a pitiful amount of money every month and instead of saving it to get themselves out of their hole, they spend it in one night at the Cat house. This shows that the loneliness has driven them to the borderline of insanity, ââ¬Å"A guys goes nuts if he ainââ¬â¢t got nobodyâ⬠Crooks observes whilst the others are at the Cat house. I have talked about how lonely the ranch workers in general are, but Steinbeck focuses in particular on three characters: Candy, Crooks and Curleyââ¬â¢s wife; he may do this to try to put across a message to the reader, speaking out against Ageism, Racism and Sexism respectively. I will talk about Candy first: Candy is the oldest employee at the ranch and he knows it. His best friend was his dog, which has now been killed by Carlson. In the scene in which Carlson is persuading Candy to let him shoot the dog, Carlson gives a logical argument ââ¬Å"he jusââ¬â¢ suffers hisself all the timeâ⬠, Candy however just says that heââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"had ââ¬Ëim so long ââ¬â had him from a pupâ⬠. This is Candy trying to hold onto his companion, who heââ¬â¢s become attached to and doesnââ¬â¢t want him dead. Carlson however, persists and the dog is killed. Candy now has no real companions on the ranch and is worried about his future ââ¬Å"Theyââ¬â¢ll can me purty soon.â⬠, he explains to George and Lennie how he has ââ¬Å"no place to go, and canââ¬â¢t get no more jobsâ⬠. In Chapter 3 Candyââ¬â¢s glimpses hope as he offers to put in some money to help George and Lennie buy their dream house ââ¬Å"sââ¬â¢pose I went in with you guys?â⬠. As he does so he again underlines his loneliness ââ¬â â⬠I ainââ¬â¢t got no relatives nor nothingâ⬠. With his dog dead Candy is desperately grasping for some sort of companionship and for a while it looks as if their dream may be realised. Unfortunately though, Lennie kills Curleyââ¬â¢s wife and their dream is shattered. Crooks is the only black man on the ranch, the book was written in 1937 where racism and black/white segregation was still commonplace. Crooks is deliberately written as being black as a method for Steinbeck to speak out against the evils of racism; Crooks is clearly very lonely, even by ranch workers standards. Because he is black he must sleep in his own ââ¬Å"little shedâ⬠and isnââ¬â¢t allowed in the bunkhouse with all the other workers ââ¬Å"I ainââ¬â¢t wanted in the bunkhouseâ⬠. In Chapter 4, the reason for this ostracising is made clear ââ¬Å"ââ¬â¢cause Iââ¬â¢m black, they play cards in there, but I canââ¬â¢t play because Iââ¬â¢m black.â⬠The other ranch workers may think that they have no close friends, but Crooks isnââ¬â¢t even allowed to be around them (except while working or playing horseshoes), which is something the rest of the characters take for granted- he explains to Lennie ââ¬Å"You got George. You know heââ¬â¢s coming bac k. Sââ¬â¢pose you couldnââ¬â¢t go into the bunkhouse? Suppose you had to stay out here and read books. Howââ¬â¢d you like that? Books ainââ¬â¢t no good. A guy needs somebody ââ¬â to be near him. Donââ¬â¢t make no difference who the guy is, longââ¬â¢s heââ¬â¢s with you. You know heââ¬â¢s coming back.â⬠This is Crooks most emotional outburst and is used effectively to really show through the loneliness that he in particular is feeling ââ¬â the other workers have other guys ââ¬Å"just to be near themâ⬠, which many of them take for granted. Steinbeck uses Crooks for other plot devices as well such as giving a small insight into how the book finishes. ââ¬Å"Nobody never gets to Heaven and nobody gets no land.â⬠Curleyââ¬â¢s wife. Curleyââ¬â¢s wife is given no name. Curleyââ¬â¢s wife is continually referred to throughout the book as ââ¬Å"Curleyââ¬â¢s wifeâ⬠. This is completely intentional and is used to show womenââ¬â¢s insignificance at the time. Like Candy is the only old person on the ranch and Crooks is the only black person on the ranch, Curleyââ¬â¢s wife is the only woman on the ranch. As the only woman on the ranch she has no girly friends to talk to and is thus very lonely. Her only real contact is Curley, who she doesnââ¬â¢t even like, describing him as ââ¬Å"he ainââ¬â¢t a nice fellaâ⬠. Curley doesnââ¬â¢t help the situation by continually keeping her under check and stopping her from talking to the other ranch workers ââ¬Å"I canââ¬â¢t talk to nobody but Curley. Else he gets madâ⬠The ranch workers are scared of Curley so they donââ¬â¢t like to talk to his wife, George describes her as ââ¬Å"jailbaitâ⬠. When she tries to talk to Crooks, Lennie and Candy, Crooks tells her ââ¬Å"Maybe you better go along to your house now, we donââ¬â¢t want no trouble.â⬠Curleyââ¬â¢s wife often uses ââ¬Å"Iââ¬â¢m looking for Curleyâ⬠as an excuse to talk to the other guys at the ranch. When Steinbeck first introduces Curleyââ¬â¢s wife she is portrayed through the ranch workers eyes ââ¬Å"Bet sheââ¬â¢d clear out for twenty bucksâ⬠. Not until the ending of the book do we see why she acts so flirtatiously ââ¬â she just wants someone to talk to and she uses her body as a way of getting a guyââ¬â¢s attention. ââ¬Å"I never get to talk to nobody, I get awful lonely, howââ¬â¢d you like not to talk to anybody?â⬠She tells Lennie. It is interesting how, in chapter 4, when all the other ranch workers are at the Cat house, that Crooks, Curleyââ¬â¢s wife, Lennie and Candy all meet in Crookââ¬â¢s house. Lennie is the only one who has a real companion (George) yet he doesnââ¬â¢t appreciate it until he sees how lonely the others are and empathises with them: ââ¬Å"You got Georgeâ⬠Having them meet is Steinbeckââ¬â¢s way of showing the reader how lonely they are ââ¬â the people who would normally have ostracised them arenââ¬â¢t in the ranch at the time, and so Crooks, Candy and Curleyââ¬â¢s wife, the three most lonely people, all feeling left out and lonely meet and talk to each other. Though it would seem that they would enjoy talking to one another, they are all so used to being wrapped up on their own, that, particularly Crooks and Curleyââ¬â¢s wife, are not at all friendly to each other; Curleyââ¬â¢s wife tells Crooks how she ââ¬Å"could get him strung up on a tree so fast it ainââ¬â¢t even funnyâ⬠. This is a reference to the lynchings of black men, which were common at the time. This, again, is Steinbeck speaking out against racism and implying that many blacks were framed for their crimes. In conclusion all of the ranch workers are lonely; all except Curley have no wife, few have close friends or companions and they live very lonely existences. There are a few however, namely Candy, Crooks, and Curleyââ¬â¢s wife who are especially lonely because they have been cut off from the rest of the characters Steinbeck uses his book to speak out against sexism, racism and ageism.
Subscribe to:
Post Comments (Atom)
No comments:
Post a Comment